Various automations and smart projects are realized by combining sensors or sensors. Industry 4.0, which is a popular subject of today, has emerged with advanced sensor technologies and continues to develop. Therefore, sensor technologies are a concept that pioneers the development of many projects and gains more and more importance every day.
The proliferation and development of sensor technologies is of great importance as it affects every aspect of life in some way.
The proliferation and development of sensor technologies is of great importance as it affects every aspect of life in some way.
Analog sensors output a current or voltage that varies in proportion to the physical size they sense. Analog-to-digital converters (ADC) are used to connect this type of sensors to our digital control cards.
Analog sensors output a current or voltage that varies in proportion to the physical size they sense. Analog-to-digital converters (ADC) are used to connect this type of sensors to our digital control cards.
Digital sensors, on the other hand, usually talk to the computer (microprocessor) via a communication protocol such as I2C, SPI, OneWire.
In addition, most analog sensors can be used with an op-amp to output logic 1 (usually 5V or 3.3V) above a certain level. Thus, sensors with analog output can be used with controllers that do not have ADC, such as Raspberry Pi.
In addition, sensors are also divided into two as active sensors and passive sensors. Active sensors, after generating their own signals, perform the detection process by controlling the change of this signal in the environment.
Ultrasonic and infrared sensors are included in this group. Passive sensors, on the other hand, perform the detection process by controlling the signals they receive from the environment.
LDR (light sensitive resistor), NTC/PTC (heat sensitive resistor), phototransistor (light sensitive transistor) can be given as examples of this group.
Where Are Sensors Used?
Sensors can meet various needs as they are produced for needs. Just like our sense organs; Each sensor detects the physical conditions around it in different ways, again providing a response to us according to the surrounding physical conditions.
For example; Humans have ears to perceive distance or sound. There are various sound sensors that are inspired by the mechanism in our ear, and thanks to these sensors, we can perform audio applications – projects.